Display Files

cat

• cat file1 file2 file3 ...

display on the standard output the content of the text file in same sequence as the arguments.

more

• more file1 ...

more is a command to view (but not modify) the contents of a text file one screen.

• press return to go one line down.
• press space to go one page down.
• press b to go one page up.

less

• less file1 ...*

less is similar to more but with more features

• return to go one line down.
• space to go one page down.
• b to go one page up.
• / pattern to search pattern in file.
• then n to jump to next occurence.
• g to go to the first line
• G to the last line
• ...

head

• head file1 output the first part of files
• head -n number file1 output the number first lines of files

$head ~bneron/DataBio/Sequences/Nucleique/qr1Large.fasta
>Seq0 qr1 sequence
gtcagaccttcctcctcagaagctcacagaaaaacacgctttctgaaagattccacactcaatgccaaaatataccacag
gaaaattttgcaaggctcacggatttccagtgcaccactggctaaccaagtaggagcacctcttctactgccatgaaagg
aaaccttcaaaccctaccactgagccattaactaccatcctgtttaagatctgaaaaacatgaagactgtattgctcctg
...

it's very useful specially when the files are large.

tail

• tail file1 output the last part of files
• tail -n number file1 output the number last lines of files

$tail ~bneron/DataBio/Sequences/Nucleique/qr1Large.fasta
...
tgcctaattgttacaaattcattaacagcagtagtgtttaagagctctaagtagctcatacttaaagagtgtttccctct
gcacgtaccaataatctcttagtaagacgactaacttgatgactgagttgttcacaaaacccttccgtagaattatagga
tgtggattttataatacaccgataaaaactactttgaaataggttttcttttcctgtcgtttactgtcagtagctctctg
catagaaatgtcaaataaacagatcttgttttggtttc

it's very useful specially when the files are large.